Democracy delivers in India as people are at centre of governance, says PM Modi

Prime Minister Narendra Modi's statement at the Commonwealth Speakers and Presiding Officers Conference (CSPOC) that "democracy delivers in India as people are at centre of governance" is a significant assertion, reflecting India's self-perception and global projection as a robust democratic nation. This event, hosted by India for the fourth time, bringing together 61 speakers and presiding officers from 42 Commonwealth nations, provides a crucial platform for India to showcase its democratic credentials and engage in parliamentary diplomacy.

**Background Context and Historical Journey:**

India's democratic journey began formally on January 26, 1950, with the adoption of its Constitution, establishing a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. This was a monumental task for a nation diverse in language, religion, and culture, emerging from centuries of colonial rule. The framers of the Constitution, drawing inspiration from various democratic traditions, opted for a parliamentary system of government, emphasizing accountability of the executive to the legislature. The principle of 'universal adult franchise' (Article 326), granting voting rights to all citizens above 18, was a revolutionary step for a newly independent nation, demonstrating an immense faith in its people. Over the decades, India has conducted 17 general elections for the Lok Sabha, alongside numerous state elections, solidifying its democratic processes despite various internal and external challenges.

**What Happened at CSPOC:**

At the CSPOC, PM Modi articulated the core idea that India's democracy is not just about elections, but about 'delivery' through people-centric governance. This implies that the democratic framework effectively translates public will into policies and services that benefit the common citizen. The conference itself serves as a forum for parliamentary leaders from Commonwealth countries to exchange ideas on best practices in legislative functioning, parliamentary procedures, and strengthening democratic institutions. India hosting this event for the fourth time underscores its commitment to multilateralism and its role as a leading voice in the Commonwealth, an organization of 56 member states, mostly former territories of the British Empire, united by shared values of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law.

**Key Stakeholders Involved:**

* **Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the Government of India:** As the host nation and the primary speaker, the PM represents India's democratic ethos and its governance model. The government is a key stakeholder in projecting India's soft power and diplomatic influence. The PM's statement is a political articulation of the government's commitment to good governance.

* **Speakers and Presiding Officers:** These are the representatives of legislative bodies from 42 Commonwealth nations. They are crucial stakeholders as they embody the parliamentary aspect of democracy, ensuring the smooth functioning of legislative houses, upholding rules, and facilitating debate. Their participation signifies a collective commitment to democratic principles within the Commonwealth.

* **Commonwealth Nations:** The collective body of 56 member states, represented by their presiding officers, is a key stakeholder in fostering democratic values, promoting peace, and supporting sustainable development. India has been an influential member since the 1949 London Declaration.

* **Indian Citizens:** Ultimately, the 'people at the centre of governance' are the ultimate stakeholders. Their participation through elections, engagement with public policy, and receipt of governance benefits are central to the PM's assertion.

**Significance for India:**

This statement and event hold immense significance for India. Firstly, it bolsters India's **global image** as the world's largest and a vibrant democracy. At a time when democratic values are facing challenges globally, India's assertion reinforces its commitment and provides a model of resilience. Secondly, it strengthens India's **diplomatic ties** within the Commonwealth, an important bloc for multilateral engagement, trade, and cultural exchange. Thirdly, it provides a platform for India to share its experiences in **governance and parliamentary practices**, particularly in leveraging technology for public service delivery (e.g., Digital India, Direct Benefit Transfer initiatives). Internally, such statements reaffirm the government's commitment to **people-centric policies** and accountability, aligning with the Preamble's ideals of Justice, Liberty, and Equality.

**Constitutional Provisions and Broader Themes:**

India's commitment to democracy and people-centric governance is deeply embedded in its Constitution. The **Preamble** itself begins with "We, the People of India," establishing popular sovereignty. **Article 326** enshrines universal adult franchise, ensuring direct participation. The **parliamentary form of government** outlined in **Part V (Union)** and **Part VI (States)**, particularly **Articles 75(3)** and **164(2)**, establishes the collective responsibility of the Council of Ministers to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies, respectively, ensuring accountability to the elected representatives of the people. The **role of the Speaker** (Article 93 for Lok Sabha, Article 178 for State Assemblies) is central to ensuring the orderly conduct of legislative business, thereby upholding the sanctity of parliamentary democracy. Broader themes include **good governance**, **e-governance**, **federalism**, and **judicial review**, all of which contribute to the 'delivery' aspect of democracy. Policies like the Right to Information Act, 2005, empower citizens and enhance transparency, further placing people at the centre of governance.

**Future Implications:**

PM Modi's statement implies a continued focus on strengthening democratic institutions and improving governance delivery. Future implications include India potentially taking a more assertive role in promoting democratic values globally, especially within the Commonwealth. It also suggests a sustained emphasis on leveraging technology and innovative policy approaches to enhance public service delivery, ensuring that governance remains responsive and inclusive. Furthermore, India's experience can offer valuable lessons to other developing democracies, fostering greater collaboration on parliamentary reforms and democratic institution-building within the Commonwealth framework. This engagement can also support India's aspirations for a greater role in global governance, including a permanent seat in the UN Security Council, by demonstrating its credentials as a responsible and democratic global power.