‘Dravidian Model’ govt 2.0 will implement improved schemes for women: CM Stalin

The announcement by Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin regarding the 'Dravidian Model' government 2.0's commitment to improved schemes for women marks a significant continuation of a long-standing political ideology deeply rooted in the state's socio-political landscape. This initiative, with new schemes to be included in the DMK's election manifesto and devised under the leadership of Kanimozhi, underscores the enduring emphasis on social justice, equality, and welfare, particularly for women, that has characterized Dravidian politics for decades.

**Background Context: The Genesis of the Dravidian Model**

The 'Dravidian Model' is not merely a governance strategy but a socio-political philosophy that emerged from the Dravidian Movement in the early 20th century. Spearheaded by figures like Periyar E.V. Ramasamy and later C.N. Annadurai, the movement initially challenged Brahminical dominance, advocated for self-respect, rationalism, social equality, and linguistic pride. The Justice Party, founded in 1916, was an early political manifestation, promoting non-Brahmin representation. This movement evolved into the Dravida Kazhagam (DK) and subsequently the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) in 1949. A core tenet of this ideology has always been social justice, which includes affirmative action (reservations), educational opportunities for all, and significant welfare schemes aimed at uplifting the marginalized, including women.

Historically, Tamil Nadu has been a pioneer in implementing progressive welfare measures. For instance, the Midday Meal Scheme (later expanded into the Nutritious Meal Scheme by M.G. Ramachandran in 1982) significantly boosted school enrollment and nutrition. The DMK government under M. Karunanidhi introduced landmark policies like granting equal property rights to women in ancestral property in 1989, predating a similar central amendment by almost two decades. Free education for girls, marriage assistance schemes, and maternity benefits have been integral parts of successive Dravidian governments' agendas. These policies have contributed significantly to Tamil Nadu's superior human development indicators compared to many other Indian states.

**What Happened and Key Stakeholders**

Chief Minister M.K. Stalin announced at the DMK's west zone women’s conference, aptly titled ‘Vellum Tamil Pengal’ (Victorious Tamil Women), that the 'Dravidian Model' government 2.0 would introduce improved schemes for women. These new initiatives are slated to be part of the party's upcoming election manifesto and are being formulated under the guidance of Kanimozhi, the DMK's deputy general secretary and Parliamentary Party leader. This signifies a renewed focus and potentially an expansion of existing women-centric programs.

Key stakeholders involved include:

1. **DMK Government and CM M.K. Stalin**: The architects and implementers of these policies, aiming to consolidate political support and advance the party's ideological commitments.

2. **Kanimozhi**: Her leadership in devising these schemes highlights her growing prominence within the party and the specific focus on women's issues under a dedicated leadership.

3. **Women of Tamil Nadu**: The primary beneficiaries of these schemes, who also constitute a significant electorate whose welfare programs directly impact their lives and livelihoods.

4. **Political Opposition**: Other parties in Tamil Nadu will likely scrutinize these promises, potentially offering counter-proposals or critiquing the implementation, thus shaping the political discourse.

5. **Civil Society Organizations and Women's Rights Groups**: These groups often play a crucial role in advocating for specific policy changes, monitoring implementation, and ensuring accountability.

**Significance for India and Constitutional Underpinnings**

Tamil Nadu's 'Dravidian Model' often serves as a case study for its unique approach to social development and welfare. The continued emphasis on women's empowerment has profound significance for India. It contributes to improving crucial social indicators, setting benchmarks for gender equality, health, and education. Policies like the free bus travel for women, introduced by the current DMK government, have significant economic impacts, increasing women's mobility, participation in the workforce, and access to services.

From a constitutional perspective, these welfare schemes align with the **Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)**, particularly **Article 38**, which mandates the state to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people; **Article 39**, which includes provisions for equal pay for equal work and protecting the health and strength of workers; **Article 41**, ensuring the right to work, education, and public assistance in certain cases; and **Article 42**, which calls for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief. Furthermore, these initiatives are rooted in the spirit of **Article 15(3)** under Fundamental Rights, which allows the State to make special provisions for women and children, overriding the general prohibition against discrimination. The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, which mandate reservation for women in local self-governing bodies, also reflect the national commitment to women's political empowerment, a goal often championed by Dravidian parties.

**Future Implications**

The announcement has immediate implications for the upcoming elections in Tamil Nadu, positioning the DMK as a champion of women's welfare. If implemented effectively, these improved schemes could further enhance Tamil Nadu's social development indices, potentially influencing other states to adopt similar progressive policies. However, sustaining extensive welfare programs also poses fiscal challenges, requiring robust economic growth and prudent financial management. The 'Dravidian Model' 2.0 signals an evolution, adapting to contemporary needs while retaining its core ideological commitments, potentially leading to more targeted and impactful interventions in areas like women's safety, economic independence, and political participation. It reinforces the idea that state-specific developmental models can offer valuable lessons for national policy-making and contribute significantly to India's overall progress towards inclusive growth and gender justice.